Granville Parker, originally from Massachusetts and a member of the convention, described the scene "I discovered on that occasion as I never had before, the mysterious and over-powering influence 'the peculiar institution' had on men otherwise sane and reliable. There, city founder Collis P. Huntington also developed what would become the largest shipbuilder in the world, Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. names are not known. Such works include historical information on a building and genealogical information on its inhabitants. The first settlers at the English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia hoped to forge new lives away from Englandbut life in the early 1600s at Jamestown consisted mainly of danger, hardship . Win. "The View from the Border: West Virginia Republicans and Women's Rights in the Age of Emancipation,", Gerofsky, Milton. [23] The other delegates to the June Convention were "chosen even more irregularly-some in mass meetings, others by county committee, and still others were seemingly self-appointed". "[32] Many private citizens were arrested by federal authorities at the request of Wheeling and interned in prison camps, most notably Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio. The first settlers of the area destined to become Wood County located along the Ohio, Little Kanawha and Hughes Rivers. Counties in the east and south were settled mostly by eastern Virginians. Lieutenant-Governor, in council, to take up the same upon of Militia in Accomack County, a contemporary of. was Col. James Wood, afterwards Clerk of the Court of Frederick, System requirements: You must have a CD-ROM drive. Branson, 1370 This fort would become Middle Plantation and later Williamsburg, Virginia. The 1744 Treaty of Lancaster had left ambiguous whether the Iroquois had sold only as far as the Alleghenies, or all their claim south of the Ohio, including the rest of modern West Virginia. Captain Bartholomew Gosnold, Captain Christopher Newport, Captain John Ratcliffe, Captain Gabriel Archer, and Captain Edward Wingfield were in charge of the expedition. Other significant rail carriers of coal were the Western Maryland Railway (WM), particularly notable was a latecomer, the Virginian Railway (VGN), built in an extraordinary manner to the latest and highest standards and completed in 1909. Beginning in 1898, Page teamed with northern and European-based investors to take advantage of the undeveloped area. Even in the 21st century, mining safety and ecological concerns are challenging to the state whose coal continues to power electrical generating plants in many other states. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Richard Morgan, 290 acres, October 3. This unique collection of family and local histories, marriage records, military records, and court records references approximately 200,000 individuals. The company sought to have a fourteenth colony established with the name Vandalia. included in a county to be called the county of Orange, being AHGP The American History and Genealogy Project. In the postwar years, he continued his militancy; his miners went on strikes or "work stoppages" annually. It is known that in 1732, that Jost Hite with Served as Deputy Governor of the Colony of Virginia 1627-1629. Early Settlement in the Eastern Panhandle The Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia borders Maryland and Virginia. Brown was quickly convicted of treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia, murder, and fomenting a slave insurrection, and was hanged on December 2. With Page as its first president, and largely financed from Rogers' personal fortune, and the two railroads were merged in 1907 to form the Virginian Railway (VGN). As tobacco emerged as a profitable export, Virginia imported more Africans to cultivate it and hardened boundaries of slavery. certain conditions therein expressed, which orders were made the [48], The response in West Virginia to the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision outlawing segregated schools was generally positive, as Governor William C. Marland pledged to integrate the state's schools. part of the forty thousand acres purchased by Jost Hite from Great Grandfather of Pres. overflowed to the Ohio and Kanawha Valleys, and went to help Settlers increasingly branched out along the eastern coast, but it was not until the early eighteenth century that pioneers began pushing into West Virginia itself. [51][52] Nine West Virginians were awarded the Medal of Honor during Vietnam.[53]. Jefferson in 1801. A shift to exporting the state's other natural resources began. George Washington to Frederick County to survey lands for him, The diary kept by Washington indicates that there were already many squatters, largely of German origin, along the South Branch. [18] It was decided that if the ordinance were adopted (of which there was little doubt) another convention including the members-elect of the legislature should meet at Wheeling in June 1861. Kanawha salt production followed by coal and timber could be seen on the waterways. Governor of Virginia, the Wheeling constitution was discarded, and an entirely new one was written along ante-bellum principles. And later, other small splintered clans were attracted to, among others, James Le Tort, Charles Poke and John Van Metre trading houses within the state. Forman, Nath Thomas: To John Grubb, Thos. Activities, lesson plans, and other resources for teachers using the collections of the West Virginia & Regional History Center, https://libguides.wvu.edu/wvrhcteacherresources. that so many names of the early settlers of any region can be In 2011, West Virginia state delegate Larry Kump sponsored legislation to allow Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson counties to rejoin Virginia by popular vote. The 'Discovery', the 'Godspeed' and the 'Susan Constant' sailed for 4 months to reach the shores of the New World. The Jamestown settlement, established in 1607, was the seat of England's first permanent colony in North America. settlement of Quakers in another vicinity, viz: the Perkinses, [41], West Virginia was forested. The Iroquois were on the point of threatening all-out war against the Virginia Colony over the "Cohongoruton lands", which would have been destructive and devastating, when Governor Gooch bought out their claim for 400 pounds at the Treaty of Lancaster (1744). The Late Prehistoric (c. AD 9501650) phases of the Fort Ancient Tradition include Feurt Phase, Blennerhassett Phase, Bluestone Phase, Clover Complex followed by the Orchard Phase (c. AD 15501650) with a Late Proto-historic arrival of a Lizard Cult from the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex. In the late 1600s, European explorers arrived and started to create maps for the territory. Harris. Berkeley County was founded in 1772 The first By 1900, only a large area of the most rugged terrain of southern West Virginia was any distance from the existing railroads and mining activity. Original Home of Col. John Evans, Morgantown, W. Va. Group Poses with Fairfax Stone, Tucker County, W. Va. WVU Libraries West Virginia back to that date, beyond question with the further question, of Early West Virginia settlers, 1600s-1900s Format: Books/Monographs/Book on Compact Disc Language: English Publication: [S.l.] Those not voting were Thomas Maslin of Hardy County and Benjamin Wilson of Harrison County. "Charles Ambler's Sectionalism in Virginia: An Appreciation,". Source: The West Virginia Historical Copyright August @2011 -2023 [10] Other tribes, notably the Shawnee and Cherokee, used the resources of the region as well. part of the same article. Despite this tax and the lack of internal improvements in the west, the vote was 75,748 for and 11,063 against the new Constitution. The people of the expedition consisted of 'gentlemen' and farmers. In 1671, General Abraham Wood, at the direction of Royal Governor William Berkeley of the Virginia Colony, sent the party of Thomas Batts and Robert Fallum into the West Virginia area. Isaac and John Van Meter, who had obtained orders from our said The VGN and the N&W ultimately became parts of the modern Norfolk Southern system, and the VGN's well-engineered 20th-century tracks continue to offer a favorable gradient to Hampton Roads. 1734, Grant to Josiah Jones, 104 In a referendum on May 23, 1861, secession was ratified by a large majority in the state as a whole. Nonetheless, West Virginia was considered the frontier for quite some time. The Virginia Colony became the wealthiest and most populated British colony in North America. Stoll, Steven. It will be noticed that there were deeds Likewise, St. Albans, West Virginia, at the confluence of the Kanawha and Coal Rivers, became a point of trade. [34] In addition, a large portion of the state was secessionist,[35] and any polls there had to be conducted under military intervention. James McGregor "The Disruption of Virginia", pg. Many of the first settlers were wealthy English gentlemen, but the list of first settlers also included laborers, bricklayers, carpenters, a blacksmith, barber, tailor, and a preacher. 230, "Mr. Lamb, of Ohio County declared that out of 2000 voters in Hampshire County, one hundred and 95 votes had been cast and he had heard that of these one hundred were cast by soldiers. As the war went on, many citizens began to turn against the conflict. Various game animals and now protected birds were raised for conservation repopulating or control reasons throughout the state. [25] The large number of Northerners in this convention caused great distrust over the new Constitution during Reconstruction years. Served in House of Burgesses for New Kent County, son of. You must also have either version 3.02 or higher of Family Tree Maker for Windows or Macintosh, or, version 3.02 or higher of the Family Archive Viewer. Waddell's First Families of Early Augusta County Scott's List of Orange County Importations acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Morgan Bryant, 1250 It is one of the longest rivers in West Virginia. Youll find a list of all Revolutionary War soldiers who ever lived in West Virginia and an index to civilians who participated in the War effort. acres. Arrived in Jamestown in 1608, Served in House of Burgesses for Elizabeth City County. Notwithstanding the competitive fears of the C&O and N&W, soon all three railroads were shipping ever-increasing volumes of coal to export from Hampton Roads. The enterprise, fraught with disease, dissension, and determined . Much of the northern panhandle and north-central portion of the state are underlain by bedded salt deposits over 50 feet (15m) thick. Also are the Buffalo Phase, Transitional Archaic Phase, Transitional Period Culture and Central Ohio Valley Archaic Phase. In the early 20th century, West Virginia coal was also under high demand at Great Lakes ports on Lake Erie. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Israel Frond, 300 Large Landowner Gloucester Richmond Stafford Counties. Including accounts of its Soils, Timber, Minerals, Water, and Material Wealth. West Virginia's history has been profoundly affected by its mountainous terrain, spectacular river valleys, and rich natural resources. Institution. Though the Iroquois made little effort to settle the region themselves, they made war throughout the area with their enemies, following the Great Indian Warpaths through the region and, some time between 17251750, contracted a large group of the Saponi-Tutelo warriors the Iroquois had living on the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania to fight alongside them in the region. Governor of Virginia in 1710, founded the first Germanna Colony in 1714. West Virginia's mines were considered so unsafe that immigration officials would not recommend them as a source of employment for immigrants, and those unskilled immigrants who did work in the coal mines were more susceptible to death or injury. As those mines were playing out by the end of the 19th century, these men were among investors and industrialists who focused new interest on the largely untapped coal resources of West Virginia. The area that comprises West Virginia was originally part of the British Virginia Colony (16071776) and the western part of the U.S. state of Virginia (17761863). date there has been a record kept and the settlement reaches West Virginia suffragists worked at supporting the agendas put forward by the National American Woman Suffrage Association, the National Association of Colored Women and the Woman's Christian Temperance Union in the 1890s through the early part of the 20th century. Some 700,000 Israeli settlers live in the West Bank and east Jerusalem. Grant to Robert McKay, jr., Hollingsworth, 472 acres, dated October 3, 1734, Grant to John Welton, 442 1738 the Varices, Glasses, Hoges, Wilsons, Frys, 1 Middle-class women made up the majority of volunteers; many programs were not open to African American and lower-class white women. These were all factors driving its state economy and the lifestyles of residents, as well as drawing visitors to the state. Newer technology has since proved that West Virginia has enough salt resources to supply the nation's needs for an estimated 2,000 years. acres, on South side of the Cohongolulu, dated 3 October The Virginia General Assembly repealed the act of cession and in 1866 brought suit against West Virginia asking the court to declare the two counties a part of Virginia. 3, No. To note, it took the ratification of the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution accomplished on December 6, 1865, to abolish slavery nationwide. Neither the land grant or the Swiss colony ever materialized. 1776 - People in the region petition the Congress to create a 14th state called Westsylvania, but it is denied. Of the 49 delegates from the future state of West Virginia, 17 voted in favor, and 30 voted against, and two abstained. The governor, lieutenant-governor, the judiciary, sheriffs, and other county officers were to be elected by public vote. Following Confederate General Robert E. Lee's defeat at Cheat Mountain in the same year, supremacy in western Virginia was never again seriously challenged. Institution. acres, October 3, 1734. Remnants of the Mound Builder=s civilization have been found throughout West Virginia, with a high concentration of artifacts located at Moundsville, West Virginia, in Marshall County. James Wood, and to William Williams, Jacob Neswanger, which surveys were made and a record kept thereof. [38] Slavery was officially abolished by West Virginia on February 3, 1865. This was made acceptable to the west by a provision that required the General Assembly to reapportion representation on the basis of white population in 1865, or else put the matter to a public referendum. 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A long Virginians led by former Confederate General William Mahone formed a political coalition based upon this theory, the Readjuster Party. As a result, every county west of the Alleghenies except one voted to reject the constitution, which nevertheless passed because of eastern support. Wiseman, James Vance, Peter Make, Jacob Hite, John deeds recorded to Stephen Hunsonbeller. In 1661, King Charles II of England had granted a company of gentleman the land between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers, known as the Northern Neck. Then, in the late 1700s and early 1800s, more land started to be cleared to build early forts and then towns as more settlers arrived. Second or third sons went out to the colonies to make their fortune, or entered the military and the clergy. But renegade Cherokee chief Dragging Canoe continued to dispute the settlers' advance, fighting the CherokeeAmerican wars (17761794) until after the American Revolutionary War. organized in 1743, where it would be supposed that deeds would This historic period changed the way of living extends from a little before the 18th century Virginia and Pennsylvania region North American fur trade beginning on the Eastern Panhandle of the state. list of names is given, perhaps most of the settlers of the Soon after the Union government declared that the Restored Government was the legitimate government of the Commonwealth, the Restored Government asserted its authority to give such approval. whether there was others there before that date, unsettled. Elk Branch Presbyterian Church 1790 Hampshire County Militia Opequon Creek is tributary of the Potomac River. They acquired large tracts of land in the area, and Page began the Deepwater Railway, a short-line railroad which was chartered to stretch between the C&O at its line along the Kanawha River and the N&W at Matoaka, a distance of about 80 miles (130km). The area that comprises West Virginia was originally part of the British Virginia Colony (1607-1776) and the western part of the U.S. state of Virginia (1776-1863). acres, October 3. During the late 19th and early 20th century, West Virginia saw its population grow, due in large part to the economic job opportunities provided by the coal and logging industries. Etching of the Fort at Morgantown, W. Va. Traveler's Rest, Jefferson County, W. Va. a large number of other grants to others, "designed to be Other Early Settlers [Source documents noted] ADAMS, Ebenezer (d. 1735) New Kent county; son of Richard Adams, of Abridge, Essex, citizen and merchant tailor of London. This, perhaps, will be sufficient to show that after Locals forced him to take refuge in the Armory firehouse, later called "John Brown's Fort"; a unit of U.S. Marines led by Robert E. Lee stormed the firehouse and took Brown prisoner, almost killing him. In spite of sexism, racism, and class distinctions that women faced in volunteering, thousands responded to the national war effort. A most remarkable thing, for a boy The state's integration experiences were generally peaceful, swift and cooperative. 600 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Isaac Garrison, 1000 In 1748, Thomas, Lord Fairfax sent The backcountry frontier of colonial Virginia reached westward from the Blue Ridge Mountains to the farthest extent of Virginia settlement in the eighteenth century. Buffalo were included in 1954 and attracted additional visitors. If you are using a computer in the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, you may use this database by clicking here. Today, the zoological facility is of 338-acre (1.37km2) modern Wildlife Center under the direction of the Division of Natural Resources. recorded in Orange in 1743 and 1744, and Fredrick Co. was McCormick, Samuel Walker, Chas. Magazine, Quarterly, January 1903, Vol. An application for admission to the Union was made to Congress. expressed, which orders were made June 17, 1730. The first steps toward this change had been taken, however, by the Republicans in 1870. John Brown (18001859), an abolitionist who saw slavery as a sin against God, led a successful anti-slavery movement in Kansas (see Bleeding Kansas), and hoped to strike a decisive blow against Southern slavery, creating a massive "underground railroad"type project, in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains, that would assist the enslaved in running away and becoming free. The Adena Indians used ceremonial pipes that were exceptional works of art. Given these differences, many in the west had long contemplated a separate state. West Virginia's nickname is known as the "Mountain State" due to its landscape being largely covered by the Appalachian Mountains. In 1863, General John D. Imboden, with 5,000 Confederate soldiers, overran a considerable portion of the state. Join the community of family history enthusiasts and FamilySearch employees to ask questions and discuss potential product enhancements. Hunt, Christian Blank. Many ancient earthen mounds constructed by various mound builder cultures survive, especially in the areas of Moundsville, South Charleston, and Romney. The convention passed an act for the reorganization of the government on June 19, 1861. However, federal forces soon drove the Confederates out of most of West Virginia.[27]. In this Arthur Laidley, elected to the General Assembly from Cabell County, attended the June Convention but refused to take part. By 2000, the state's improved economy seemed to be contributing to a reversal of nearly four decades of population losses. At the Constitutional Convention on December 14, 1861, the issue of slavery was raised by Rev. While the increase continued into the early 21st century, West Virginia lost 3.2 percent of its population between 2010 and 2020. is a list of grantees of lands conveyed by Jost Hite and In the late 18th century, the steel trap increased efficiency, and beaver became scarce. By S.C. Shaw, 1878.] The Wheeling Convention, which had taken a recess until August 6, 1861, reassembled on August 20, 1861, and called for a popular vote on the formation of a new state and for a convention to frame a constitution if the vote should be favorable. The first settlement in what became known as the Virginia Colony was Jamestown, which was founded in 1607. 1726 - German settlers build the settlement of New Mecklenburg. Though England eventually defeated the French, warfare would continue to be a part of life for the early West Virginia settlers, as Indian conflicts continued into the American War of Independence, the last battle of which was fought at Fort Henry in 1782, in present day Wheeling, West Virginia. The revised constitution was adopted on March 26, 1863, and on April 20, 1863, President Lincoln issued a proclamation admitting the state at the end of 60 days, on June 20, 1863. All give reference to Virginia. This unique collection of family and local histories, marriage records, military records, and court records references approximately 200,000 individuals. Orange in 1734 However, if the C&O and N&W presidents thought they could thus kill the Page project, they were to be proved mistaken. Many men absent in the Confederate army when the vote was taken refused to acknowledge the transfer upon their return. Later in 1624, Virginia was created as a royal colony that included the original Jamestown settlement, when King James I revolked the charter of the bankrupt Virginia Company and the colony transferred to royal authority as a crown colony, but the elected representatives in Jamestown continued to exercise a fair amount of power. acres purchased by the said Jost Hire from Isaac and John Van Then follows The legislature of the Restored Government was composed of members from the western counties who had been elected on May 23, 1861, and some senators who had been elected in 1859. A little over one month later, Kanawha was renamed West Virginia. Contemporaneously to Fort Ancient Tradition southerly of the state, the sister culture called Monongahela is found on the northerly of the Mountain State stemming from the Drew Tradition. Early West Virginia Settlers, 1600s-1900s This database is comprised of fourteen books. [46], Mike Shingleton of the Division of Natural Resources explained the Centennial Golden Trout evolution. From the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, the three ships sailed. Appointed Lt. The Film/Digital Notes contain a description of the microfilm or microfiche numbers. "[12] Virginia leaders maintained a property qualification for suffrage effectively disenfranchising poorer farmers in the west, whose families did much of the farm work themselves. The completion of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) westerly across the state from Richmond, Virginia to the new city of Huntington on the Ohio River in 1872 opened access to the New River Coalfield. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Robert Slaughter, Morgan Morgan (November 1, 1688-November 17, 1766) is traditionally considered the first white settler of West Virginia. A few months later in 1957, the Petersburg hatchery moved these yellow-mottles to the larger Spring Run hatchery. The "capital" of the Pocahontas coalfield, this city would remain the largest city in the southern portion of the state for several decades. Under royal authority, the colony began to expand to the North and West with additional settlements. By royal charter, the extreme western boundaries of Virginia at this time extended to the Pacific Ocean, but the terms "backcountry" or "back settlements" specifically refer to new settlements in the eastern Appalachian . ; no. is not now our purpose to continue here this discussion, but to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, National American Woman Suffrage Association, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Former counties, cities, and towns of Virginia, List of Registered Historic Places in West Virginia, "West Virginia Memory Project - Timeline Search", "Reclaiming Congressman Philip Doddridge from Tidewater Cultural Imperialism", "How Virginia Split Into "East" and West Virginia (But With Only Three Shenandoah Valley Counties, and Without Southwest Virginia)", "WVGES Geology: West Virginia Salt Industry", "Logging the Virgin Forests of West Virginia", 5 Facts about the Vietnam War & West Virginia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_West_Virginia&oldid=1142136754, History of the Southern United States by state, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1922 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Rasmussen, Barbara. 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