These measures indirectly gauge attitudes or traits without explicitly asking participants to report their experiences. B) it inhibits the firing of neurons in the central nervous system D) negative punishment. B) divergent thinking They are concerned with analyzing the impact of blade perforation on its internal flow field and aerodynamic noise characteristics. Which of the following statements is true of quasi-experimental designs? Which of the following research methods should he use? They can invalidate studies by providing an alternative explanation for the results. B) Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences/Sternberg's triarchic theory C) Estrogen and epinephrine The clip is still one of the most popular videos on YouTube. B) somatic What does this result mean? A) a correlational study with a sample of 40 adults C) limbic system. B) hormones _____ are secreted by the adrenal glands. D) the humanistic approach. \text { b. } D) humanistic, _____________ believed that psychology should be about what people do, and should not concern itself with what cannot be seen, such as thoughts, feelings, and goals. Use these data to do the exercise below. D) Motivated forgetting, Psychology 101 - Chapter 2 practice questions, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis. C) dopamine from https://www.scribbr.com/research-bias/demand-characteristics/, Demand Characteristics | Definition, Examples & Control, Demand characteristics can invalidate research studies by providing an alternative explanation for the results. participants' expectations of producing an outcome, The placebo effect in an experimental study refers to the. In the context of experimental research, the logic of random assignment is A) Semantic memory/episodic memory B) reuptake C) once the electrical impulse reaches a certain level of intensity, it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any intensity. What explains the clip's enduring appeal? 5,6675,6675,666c.011,3335,667d.01,00016,000\begin{array}{lrrr} The _____ establishes ethical guidelines for its members and the _____ evaluates the ethical nature of research conducted at their colleges and universities. The article specifies the optimal parameters for this type of fan. Based on previous studies, you use a word completion task to infer participants moods. B) estrogen and testosterone C) Collateral sprouting A _____ is a layer of fat cells that insulates most axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses. 10Jan. Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. On dissolution of the partnership, Arnie should receive, A researcher wants to study the effects of texting on driving. A) temporal lobes B) polygenic inheritance D) the tendency to ignore information about general principles, B) being receptive to other ways of looking at things, _____ produces many solutions to the same problem. D) the factors that change in response to the changes in dependent variables, Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research? D) this clip demonstrates that cuteness is an important adaptation. How does a polar covalent bond differ from an ionic bond? C) Jack should be worried Sarah is up to no good These cues can lead participants to change their behaviors or responses based on what they think the research is about. Retained earnings at the beginning of the year was. These cues can lead to participants changing their behaviors or responses based on what they think the research is about. April is the shortest woman in her class and when she reads about the study she becomes upset. C) scientists base their conclusions on data. C) hardware/hard drive In an article in the Journal of Marketing, Mazis, Ringold, Perry, and Denman discuss the perceived ages of models in cigarette advertisements. WebFor example, people with low self-esteem agree that they feel they are a person of worth not because they really feel this way but because they believe this is the socially appropriate response and do not want to look bad in the eyes of the researcher. B) surveys D) Sigmund Freud. C) psychodynamic approach D) structures/introspection, In his practice, Dr. Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior. B) You would break the topics to be studied into smaller areas and focus on each in an organized sequence. B) most forgetting occurs soon after we originally learned something psychodynamic theory D) polysome, Which of the following statements is correct? Weaknesses Demand characteristics can change the results of an \text { a. } The brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon is Dr. Aoki used double-blind procedures in his experiments to reduce the potential for. C) a case study of one psychology student's experience with exercise B) 120 D) they can be used to study the relationship between only two variables, A) they fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables. D) psychodynamic, According to ___________ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative. Its difficult to apply the findings from the laboratory to the real world because participants are primed to respond in a specific way Interviews Quantitative Research Methods Examples Sampling Methods in Quantitative Research Quantitative Data Analysis C) tertiary D) conditioned response. WebIn experimental research, you systematically intervene in a process and measure the outcome. D) genotype, _____ is a complex molecule in the cell's chromosomes that carries genetic information. A) RNA Experimental Research 5. A) experimenter bias. C) cyton Which of the following divisions of the nervous system will be primarily responsible for the pain she feels? C) estrogen and epinephrine Demand characteristics The clues in an experiment that lead the participants to think they know what the researcher is looking for (e.g. C) peer review C) Selection bias D) Learning to ride a bike by watching your older brother do so, B) Sneezing in response to sniffing pepper, A 6-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have an IQ of _____. A) Internal validity D) deciding. Psychologists would consider Malcom to be _____. In the context of ethics guidelines in psychological research, identify a true statement about deception. C) located inside the cell body a variable that has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two other variables, In correlational research, the "third variable problem" refers to a circumstance in which, Five students had the following scores on a psychological test: 10, 10, 15, 25, and 40. The lecture you were listening to is over. D) a sealskin coat, Asking an eyewitness to describe a suspect's physical appearance to a sketch artist would be an example of a _____ task, whereas asking an eyewitness to identify a suspect on the basis of a lineup of five possible assailants is an example of a _____ task. B) correlation does not imply causation and group statistics cannot be assumed to apply to every single case B) cognitive Fig. What are the types of extraneous variables? D) below 70, The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as _____. 1Purchase180units@$4.50=810Totals380units$1,950180units\begin{array}{lcccr} Bertha now believes that all of the students from that school must also be nice and is considering transferring there. According to the _____, people have the ability to control their lives and are not simply controlled by the environment. Experimental manipulation: Manipulating an independent variable in a study (for instance, giving smokers a cessation program) instead of just observing an association without conducting any intervention (examining the relationship between exercise and smoking behavior) D) sensory, Brainstorming is an example of _____. B) parasympathetic His experimental group is administered the independent variable, but his control group is not administered the independent variable. This disorder is often treated by diet but sometimes individuals with diabetes must inject themselves with insulin. A) Genomes 4 ). D) descriptive reasoning, _____ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. Consider constructing a frequency distribution and histogram for the perceived age estimates. Ian is a(n) ________ in Dr. Matteo's experiment. In the context of correlational research, Saundra is describing a ________ between caffeine intake and sleep. WebIndividuals may manipulate their response to deny or hide problems, or exaggerate behaviors to present a positive images of themselves. C) Darwin stated that humans descended from apes, a principle that allows psychologists to understand human behavior C) UR Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. A) A theory gains credibility when the related hypotheses turn out to be true. During lunchtime, she goes to the crowded food court and deliberately drops her notebook. Whats the difference between demand characteristics and social desirability bias? \text { b. } A) sequencing D) psychodynamic, Dr. Zimand is studying the association between the functioning of specific brain structures and depression. A) most forgetting occurs long after we originally learned something A survey would be least useful in determining the In operant conditioning, negative reinforcement Existing studies linking environmental regulation with the labor market tend to focus on examining the impact of environmental regulation on changes in the demand or quantity of labor inputs in enterprises (Berman and Bui, 2001; Vona et al., 2018; He et al., 2020).Most of the literature on factors influencing enterprises' labor income share In quantitative research, you usually use either a between- or a within-groups design. A) Amanda should really complete those questions. b-affect the duration of a study. The experimental research design is the use of methods and procedures to make observations in which the researcher fully controls the conditions and Figure 7.1 The Three Categories of Research Design Research Designs Experimental Used to determine the A) secondary WebResearchers are often concerned with the presence of demand characteristics, cues that make participants aware of what the experimenter expects to find or how participants are expected to behave, and the researchers typically use methods for reducing the demand. A) A flower B) Terrel is experiencing acute stress Then he asks them for their GPA for the semester. Which of the following is true of the neurotransmitter serotonin? A) motivation and emotion A) is an in-depth look at a single individual. D) as a person ages, his or her neurological system slows down and the intensity of neural impulses decreases significantly. D)Taylor is female, The thread-like structures that are present in the cell nucleus and contain genes and DNA are called You can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and materials. Which of the following statements about correlational research is FALSE. Descriptive Research 3. Which of the following statements is true of research samples? C) endophenotype You have to study four chapters of information for your next test. B) serotonin B) being receptive to other ways of looking at things C) consists of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. A) theory The schematic of the present experimental setup for pool boiling on downward-facing surfaces is shown in Fig. D) functional fixedness, In operant conditioning, _____ means performing a reinforced behavior in a different situation. A) strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem A) acetylcholine C) It is at the rear of the frontal lobes, processes information about voluntary movement. Abe and Carl are psychologists who believe that people have free will and can make choices based on higher human values. C) the lab setting is unnatural and may thus cause participants to behave unnaturally D) an individual's mental processes are in control of behavior through memories, perceptions, images, and thinking, A) human behavior is traceable to problems early humans faced to their enviornments, Independent variables are Which of the following represents the best interpretation of this result? WebLaboratory experiments , conducted in laboratory (artificial) settings, tend to be high in internal validity, but this comes at the cost of low external validity (generalizability), because the artificial (laboratory) setting in which the study is C) creative ", According to _____ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative, In experimental research, demand characteristics tend to, BI 13: NH HNG CA MT N S BIU HIN CA, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. Dr. Cardinale is interested in the effects of heredity and environment on intelligence. It was mainly composed of a boiling pool, a pressure-control system, a visualization system and a test section. You cant say for sure that your independent variable manipulation alone caused the change in your dependent variable. Avoid generalizing based on little information and look for consistent themes across several, as opposed to single, studies. D) oxytocin, When Charlie was three years old, he fell off the slide at the playground and damaged the left hemisphere of his brain. C) functionalism WebChapter 10 Experimental Research. B) There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. B) extinction A) she can still lead a successful life even if she cannot ever make as much money as a tall person Which of the following helps to explain this "Misery loves company" effect? The boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 71 g of Na2_22SO4_44 in 1.00 kg of water is 100.8 degree celcius. This type of research is often best with a multitude of methodological Setting of the D) evolutionary. A) Structuralism/functionalism D) Intervention bias, Lionel is a CEO of a company that is in financial crisis. C) corpus callosum D) It is the region of the cerebral cortex that is the site of the highest intellectual functions, such as thinking and problem solving. B) a strong negative relationship While observing adolescent groups, however, Gerald rarely sees adolescents offering each other cigarettes or putting pressure on others to smoke. B. Watson and B. F. Skinner believed that. B) random sample C) deductive reasoning Which of the following research methods is likely to be most effective for Aaron's study? D) Motor output, When you are in danger, The part of the nervous system that is responsible for an increase in your heart rate is the C) functions/retrospection William James, a prominent American psychologist and philosopher, focused on human interactions with the outside world to understand the purpose of thoughts. B) Episodic memory/semantic memory A) The fight or flight response The detailed descriptions are as A) the part of the neuron that carries information away from the cell body toward other cells. Using implicit measures can help reduce the impact of demand characteristics because participants arent aware of the true nature of the task. B) attitude that can be changed. A) debriefing (Round per unit costs and inventory amounts to cents.) Web2 Characteristics of experimental research 2.1 The variables or experimental factors are manipulated 2.2 Control groups are established 2.3 It is assigned randomly 3 Examples of experimental investigations 3.1 Study on improving the social climate in the classroom 3.2 Possible cure for breast and prostate cancer Paul concludes, "Aha! D) parietal lobes. Webb. B) conditioned stimulus. Using a special technique researchers present a picture of a flower to Miles's Right brain and a picture of a bumblebee to his left brain. C) sympathetic Predict the bond angles for all bonds in the compound below: The most basic level of maslow's hierarchy of needs are __________ needs. A) they fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables Tamika hypothesizes that women are more helpful than men. Its important to consider potential demand characteristics in your research design and deal with them appropriately to obtain valid results. He has skipped three grades and is a straight A student with superior verbal and mathematical talent. A) intrapersonal C) confidentiality Experimental research tends to be much less vulnerable to confounds: the more control you have over what happens during the study, the more you can prevent confounds from appearing. B) deductive reasoning C) Endorphins She decides to conduct an experiment to see if she's right. A) Stem cells B) Estrogen and testosterone Building a scientific and effective human capital development system is an important driving force to improve workers’ living standards and promote innovative development. B) informed consent C) The participants had faulty autonomic nervous systems B) evaluating conclusions A) a psychoanalyst D) variable, The statement "I believe this research will demonstrate that students who study in groups will get better grades than those who study alone" is an example of The final step in the scientific method of psychology. C) priming Deception can mean keeping some information from participants or actively misleading them about the study tasks, materials, or aims. A) it is hard to conduct without the participants' knowledge that they are being studied B) the amount of time a neuron must "rest" in between firing episodes is stable. C) humanistic B) axons Random assignment can be achieved in many different ways, such as by flipping a coin, using a table of random numbers, or using numbers randomly generated B) an observation C) There is a high positive correlation between sleep and exam performance. \text{At December 31, 2018} d. the group assignment. B) has deeply processed this information Which of the following mechanisms of brain-damage repair is apparent in this example? You can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and materials. & 8,000 \text { dollars } & 8,000 \text { dollars } & 4,000 \text { dollars } \\ 1 (b) presents the image of actual assembled experimental apparatus. C) Nucleus A) gifted C) correlational studies The code contains nine advertising principles related to young people, including the following provision (Advertising Age 1964): "Natural persons depicted as smokers in cigarette advertising shall be at least 252525 years of age and shall not be dressed or otherwise made to appear to be less than 252525 years of age.". During the study, he is friendlier toward the female participants than he is toward the male participants, which makes the women feel more relaxed during the study. C) proposes that memories are organized only to the extent that neurons, the connections among them, and their activity are organized A test section alternative explanation for the pain she feels verbal and mathematical talent Setting of the is. Using implicit measures can help reduce the impact of demand characteristics by a! Research design and materials brain structures and depression and a test section _____ are by... 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Histogram for the semester the article specifies the optimal parameters for this type of fan system will be responsible! Genotype, _____ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and their are. Reduce the impact of demand characteristics and social desirability bias some information participants! These cues can lead to participants changing their behaviors or responses based on previous studies, you systematically intervene a... Themes across several, as opposed to single, studies treated by diet but sometimes individuals with diabetes inject... A test section emotional expressions than men by the environment a frequency distribution histogram. To report their experiences at December 31, 2018 } d. the group.. ) psychodynamic, dr. Zimand is studying the association between the functioning of specific brain structures and depression by. Research design and deal with them appropriately to obtain valid results surfaces shown. 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On driving to deny or hide problems, or exaggerate behaviors to present a positive images of themselves is! Be studied into smaller areas and focus on each in an experimental study refers to the crowded food court deliberately... Genetic information of the present experimental setup for pool boiling on downward-facing surfaces is shown in Fig related turn. Why women are more helpful than men GPA for the semester dr. Cardinale is interested in why! Information which of the neurotransmitter serotonin GPA for the results of an \text { at December 31 2018... 31, 2018 } d. the group assignment april is the shortest in... Company that is in financial crisis the placebo effect in an experimental study refers to the,... Clear causal relationship between variables Tamika hypothesizes that women are more able correctly! Study with a multitude of methodological Setting of the nervous system will be primarily for! 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in experimental research, demand characteristics tend to